Phenotypes associated with the disease Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (ORPHA:1340):
- Anteverted nares (HP:0000463): Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormality of the eye (HP:0000478): Any abnormality of the eye, including location, spacing, and intraocular abnormalities. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormal eyelash morphology (HP:0000499): An abnormality of the eyelashes. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormality of vision (HP:0000504): Abnormality of eyesight (visual perception). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Long palpebral fissure (HP:0000637): Distance between medial and lateral canthi is more than two standard deviations above the mean for age (objective); or, apparently increased length of the palpebral fissures. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Dry skin (HP:0000958): Skin characterized by the lack of natural or normal moisture. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Palmoplantar keratoderma (HP:0000982): Abnormal thickening of the skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Intellectual disability (HP:0001249): The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hypotonia (HP:0001252): Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Global developmental delay (HP:0001263): A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Failure to thrive in infancy (HP:0001531). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Atrial septal defect (HP:0001631): Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital abnormality of the interatrial septum that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Pulmonic stenosis (HP:0001642): A narrowing of the right ventricular outflow tract that can occur at the pulmonary valve (valvular stenosis), below the pulmonary valve (infundibular stenosis), or above the pulmonary valve (supravalvar stenosis). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormal heart valve morphology (HP:0001654): Any structural abnormality of a cardiac valve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormal speech pattern (HP:0002167): An abnormality in the sound (volume) or cadence (rate) of speech. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Fine hair (HP:0002213): Hair that is fine or thin to the touch. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Brittle hair (HP:0002299): Fragile, easily breakable hair, i.e., with reduced tensile strength. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Short stature (HP:0004322): A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Excessive wrinkled skin (HP:0007392). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Feeding difficulties in infancy (HP:0008872): Impaired feeding performance of an infant as manifested by difficulties such as weak and ineffective sucking, brief bursts of sucking, and falling asleep during sucking. There may be difficulties with chewing or maintaining attention. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Underdeveloped supraorbital ridges (HP:0009891): Flatness of the supraorbital portion of the frontal bones. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology (HP:0030680): Any structural anomaly of the heart and blood vessels. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the eyebrow (HP:0100840): Absence or underdevelopment of the eyebrow. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Cryptorchidism (HP:0000028): Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- High palate (HP:0000218): Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Macrocephaly (HP:0000256): Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Epicanthus (HP:0000286): A fold of skin starting above the medial aspect of the upper eyelid and arching downward to cover, pass in front of and lateral to the medial canthus. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hypertelorism (HP:0000316): Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Long philtrum (HP:0000343): Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- High forehead (HP:0000348): An abnormally increased height of the forehead. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Macrotia (HP:0000400): Median longitudinal ear length greater than two standard deviations above the mean and median ear width greater than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or, apparent increase in length and width of the pinna (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Webbed neck (HP:0000465): Pterygium colli is a congenital skin fold that runs along the sides of the neck down to the shoulders. It involves an ectopic fibrotic facial band superficial to the trapezius muscle. Excess hair-bearing skin is also present and extends down the cervical region well beyond the normal hairline. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Short neck (HP:0000470): Diminished length of the neck. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Strabismus (HP:0000486): A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Downslanted palpebral fissures (HP:0000494): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Ptosis (HP:0000508): The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Myopia (HP:0000545): An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects nearby clearly, while objects in the distance appear blurry. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Nystagmus (HP:0000639): Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Pectus excavatum (HP:0000767): A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hyperkeratosis (HP:0000962): Hyperkeratosis is a histopathological term defining a thickened stratum corneum and may be present in many different skin conditions, with many possible overlaps. Hyperkeratosis refers to the increased thickness of the stratum corneum, the outer layer of the skin. Hyperkeratosis is subclassified as orthokeratotic or parakeratotic. Orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis refers to the thickening of the keratin layer with preserved keratinocyte maturation, while parakeratotic hyperkeratosis shows retained nuclei as a sign of delayed maturation of keratinocytes. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hyperextensible skin (HP:0000974): A condition in which the skin can be stretched beyond normal, and then returns to its initial position. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Multiple lentigines (HP:0001003): Presence of an unusually high number of lentigines (singular: lentigo), which are flat, tan to brown oval spots. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Cavernous hemangioma (HP:0001048): The presence of a cavernous hemangioma. A hemangioma characterized by large endothelial spaces (caverns) is called a cavernous hemangioma. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Premature birth (HP:0001622): The birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks of gestational age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Frontal bossing (HP:0002007): Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Low posterior hairline (HP:0002162): Hair on the neck extends more inferiorly than usual. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Slow-growing hair (HP:0002217): Hair whose growth is slower than normal. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- EEG abnormality (HP:0002353): Abnormality observed by electroencephalogram (EEG), which is used to record of the brain's spontaneous electrical activity from multiple electrodes placed on the scalp. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Scoliosis (HP:0002650): The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Short nose (HP:0003196): Distance from nasion to subnasale more than two standard deviations below the mean, or alternatively, an apparently decreased length from the nasal root to the nasal tip. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Biparietal narrowing (HP:0004422): A narrowing of the biparietal diameter (i.e., of the transverse distance between the protuberances of the two parietal bones of the skull). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Depressed nasal bridge (HP:0005280): Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Deep palmar crease (HP:0006191): Excessively deep creases of the palm. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Generalized hyperpigmentation (HP:0007440). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Multiple cafe-au-lait spots (HP:0007565): The presence of six or more cafe-au-lait spots. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Ichthyosis (HP:0008064): An abnormality of the skin characterized the presence of excessive amounts of dry surface scales on the skin resulting from an abnormality of keratinization. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Sparse hair (HP:0008070): Reduced density of hairs. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Dystrophic fingernails (HP:0008391): The presence of misshapen or partially destroyed nail plates, often with accumulation of soft, yellow keratin between the dystrophic nail plate and nail bed, resulting in elevation of the nail plate. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hypoplasia of the zygomatic bone (HP:0010669): Underdevelopment of the zygomatic bone. That is, a reduction in size of the zygomatic bone, including the zygomatic process of the temporal bone of the skull, which forms part of the zygomatic arch. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormal morphology of ulna (HP:0040071): Any structural anomaly of the ulna, a bone of the forearm the extends from the elbow to the little finger. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Sparse or absent eyelashes (HP:0200102). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hydronephrosis (HP:0000126): Severe distention of the kidney with dilation of the renal pelvis and calices. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Submucous cleft hard palate (HP:0000176): Hard-palate submucous clefts are characterized by bony defects in the midline of the bony palate that are covered by the mucous membrane of the roof of the mouth. It may be possible to detect a submucous cleft hard palate upon palpation as a notch in the bony palate. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hydrocephalus (HP:0000238): Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Optic atrophy (HP:0000648): Atrophy of the optic nerve. Optic atrophy results from the death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve and manifesting as a pale optic nerve on fundoscopy. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Lymphedema (HP:0001004): Localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Dysarthria (HP:0001260): Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Redundant skin (HP:0001582): Loose and sagging skin often associated with loss of skin elasticity. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HP:0001639): Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined by the presence of increased ventricular wall thickness or mass in the absence of loading conditions (hypertension, valve disease) sufficient to cause the observed abnormality. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Cerebral cortical atrophy (HP:0002120): Atrophy of the cortex of the cerebrum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Genu valgum (HP:0002857): The legs angle inward, such that the knees are close together and the ankles far apart. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Cubitus valgus (HP:0002967): Abnormal positioning in which the elbows are turned out. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract (HP:0011024): An abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Functional abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract (HP:0012719): Abnormal functionality of the gastrointestinal tract. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1340)
- Long face (HP:0000276): Facial height (length) is more than 2 standard deviations above the mean (objective); or, an apparent increase in the height (length) of the face (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Coarse facial features (HP:0000280): Absence of fine and sharp appearance of brows, nose, lips, mouth, and chin, usually because of rounded and heavy features or thickened skin with or without thickening of subcutaneous and bony tissues. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Full cheeks (HP:0000293): Increased prominence or roundness of soft tissues between zygomata and mandible. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Thickened helices (HP:0000391): Increased thickness of the helix of the ear. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1340)
- Posteriorly rotated ears (HP:0000358): A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1340)