Phenotypes associated with the disease Isolated atrial standstill (ORPHA:1344):
- Palpitations (HP:0001962): A sensation that the heart is pounding or racing, which is a non-specific sign but may be a manifestation of arrhythmia. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1344)
- Ventricular escape rhythm (HP:0005155): A ventricular escape rhythm occurs whenever higher-lever pacemakers in AV junction or sinus node fail to control ventricular activation. Escape rate is usually 20-40 bpm, often associated with broad QRS complexes (at least 120 ms). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1344)
- Atrial standstill (HP:0025478): Atrial standstill or silent atrium is a rare condition presenting with the absence of electrical and mechanical activity in the atria. It presents with the absence of P waves, bradycardia, and wide QRS complex in the electrocardiogram. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1344)
- Cardiac conduction abnormality (HP:0031546): Any anomaly of the progression of electrical impulses through the heart. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1344)
- Abnormal P wave (HP:0031595): Any anomaly of the P wave of the EKG, which results from atrial depolarization. The P wave occurs when the sinoatrial node creates an action potential that depolarizes the atria. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1344)
- Abnormal heart morphology (HP:0001627): Any structural anomaly of the heart. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Dyspnea (HP:0002094): Difficult or labored breathing. Dyspnea is a subjective feeling only the patient can rate, e.g., on a Borg scale. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Muscular dystrophy (HP:0003560): The term dystrophy means abnormal growth. However, muscular dystrophy is used to describe primary myopathies with a genetic basis and a progressive course characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness and wasting, defects in muscle proteins, and histological features of muscle fiber degeneration (necrosis) and regeneration. If possible, it is preferred to use other HPO terms to describe the precise phenotypic abnormalities. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Arrhythmia (HP:0011675): Any cardiac rhythm other than the normal sinus rhythm. Such a rhythm may be either of sinus or ectopic origin and either regular or irregular. An arrhythmia may be due to a disturbance in impulse formation or conduction or both. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Sick sinus syndrome (HP:0011704): An abnormality involving the generation of the action potential by the sinus node and is characterized by an atrial rate inappropriate for physiological requirements. Manifestations include severe sinus bradycardia, sinus pauses or arrest, sinus node exit block, chronic atrial tachyarrhythmias, alternating periods of atrial bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias, and inappropriate responses of heart rate during exercise or stress. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Complete right bundle branch block (HP:0011712): A conduction block of the right branch of the bundle of His. This manifests as a prolongation of the QRS complex (greater than 0.12 s) with delayed activation of the right ventricle and terminal delay on the EKG. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Fatigue (HP:0012378): A subjective feeling of tiredness characterized by a lack of energy and motivation. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HP:0012664): A diminution of the volumetric fraction of blood pumped out of the ventricle with each cardiac cycle. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Left ventricular noncompaction (HP:0030682): Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is defined by 3 markers: prominent left ventricular (LV) trabeculae, deep intertrabecular recesses, and the thin compacted layer. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Postexertional symptom exacerbation (HP:0030973): Post-exertional symptom exacerbation (PESE), also referred to as post-exertional malaise (PEM), is defined as the worsening of symptoms that can follow minimal cognitive, physical, emotional, or social activity, or activity that could previously be tolerated. Symptoms typically worsen 12 to 72 hours after activity and can last for days or even weeks, sometimes leading to a relapse. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Increased circulating troponin T concentration (HP:0410174): An increased concentration of tropnin T in the blood, which is a cardiac regulatory protein that controls the calcium mediated interaction between actin and myosin. Raised cardiac troponin concentrations are now accepted as the standard biochemical marker for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1344)
- Dysarthria (HP:0001260): Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Syncope (HP:0001279): A transient loss of consciousness (i.e., characterized by a rapid onset, a short duration, and a spontaneous and complete recovery) due to cerebral hypoperfusion. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Flexion contracture (HP:0001371): A flexion contracture is a bent (flexed) joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. It is thus a chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement of joints. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Congestive heart failure (HP:0001635): The presence of an abnormality of cardiac function that is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate that is commensurate with the needs of the tissues or a state in which abnormally elevated filling pressures are required for the heart to do so. Heart failure is frequently related to a defect in myocardial contraction. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Cardiomyopathy (HP:0001638): A myocardial disorder in which the heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal, in the absence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular disease and congenital heart disease sufficient to cause the observed myocardial abnormality. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Bradycardia (HP:0001662): A slower than normal heart rate (in adults, slower than 60 beats per minute). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Thromboembolism (HP:0001907): The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel that subsequently travels through the blood stream from the site where it formed to another location in the body, generally leading to vascular occlusion at the distant site. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Nausea (HP:0002018): A sensation of unease in the stomach together with an urge to vomit. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Ischemic stroke (HP:0002140): Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is defined by the sudden loss of blood flow to an area of the brain with the resulting loss of neurologic function. It is caused by thrombosis or embolism that occludes a cerebral vessel supplying a specific area of the brain. During a vessel occlusion, there is a core area where damage to the brain is irreversible and an area of penumbra where the brain has lost function owing to decreased blood flow but is not irreversibly injured. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Hemiplegia (HP:0002301): Paralysis (complete loss of muscle function) in the arm, leg, and in some cases the face on one side of the body. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Headache (HP:0002315): Cephalgia, or pain sensed in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Vertigo (HP:0002321): An abnormal sensation of spinning while the body is actually stationary. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Aphasia (HP:0002381): An acquired language impairment of some or all of the abilities to produce or comprehend speech and to read or write. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Skeletal muscle atrophy (HP:0003202): The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Ventricular tachycardia (HP:0004756): A tachycardia originating in the ventricles characterized by rapid heart rate (over 100 beats per minute) and broad QRS complexes (over 120 ms). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)
- Mobitz I atrioventricular block (HP:0011707): Progressive PR interval prolongation with the subsequent occurrence of a single nonconducted P wave that results in a pause. The pause that follows the nonconducted impulse is less than fully compensatory (less than the sum of two normal sinus intervals). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1344)