Phenotypes associated with the disease Autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome (ORPHA:1507):
- Abnormal pulmonary valve morphology (HP:0001641): Any structural abnormality of the pulmonary valve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Abnormal aortic morphology (HP:0001679): An abnormality of the aorta. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Abnormal tricuspid valve morphology (HP:0001702): Any structural anomaly of the tricuspid valve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Toe syndactyly (HP:0001770): Webbing or fusion of the toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the toes in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as "Symphalangism". Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Sandal gap (HP:0001852): A widely spaced gap between the first toe (the great toe) and the second toe. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Recurrent respiratory infections (HP:0002205): An increased susceptibility to respiratory infections as manifested by a history of recurrent respiratory infections. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Exaggerated cupid's bow (HP:0002263): More pronounced paramedian peaks and median notch of the Cupid's bow. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Abnormal hip bone morphology (HP:0003272): An abnormality of the hip bone. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Ectopic anus (HP:0004397): Abnormal displacement or malposition of the anus. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Synostosis of carpal bones (HP:0005048). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Finger syndactyly (HP:0006101): Webbing or fusion of the fingers, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as "Symphalangism". Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Bilateral single transverse palmar creases (HP:0007598): The distal and proximal transverse palmar creases are merged into a single transverse palmar crease on both hands. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Supernumerary tooth (HP:0011069): The presence of one or more teeth additional to the normal number. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Camptodactyly of finger (HP:0100490): The distal interphalangeal joint and/or the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers cannot be extended to 180 degrees by either active or passive extension. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Wide mouth (HP:0000154): Distance between the oral commissures more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased width of the oral aperture (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Abnormality of the dentition (HP:0000164): Any abnormality of the teeth. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Hypertelorism (HP:0000316): Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Wide nasal bridge (HP:0000431): Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Anteverted nares (HP:0000463): Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Brachydactyly (HP:0001156): Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Downturned corners of mouth (HP:0002714): A morphological abnormality of the mouth in which the angle of the mouth is downturned. The oral commissures are positioned inferior to the midline labial fissure. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Mesomelia (HP:0003027): Shortening of the middle parts of the limbs (forearm and lower leg) in relation to the upper and terminal segments. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Short nose (HP:0003196): Distance from nasion to subnasale more than two standard deviations below the mean, or alternatively, an apparently decreased length from the nasal root to the nasal tip. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Vertebral segmentation defect (HP:0003422): An abnormality related to a defect of vertebral separation during development. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Clinodactyly of the 5th finger (HP:0004209): Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Hypoplasia of penis (HP:0008736). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Disproportionate short-limb short stature (HP:0008873): A type of disproportionate short stature characterized by a short limbs but an average-sized trunk. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Short distal phalanx of finger (HP:0009882): Short distance from the end of the finger to the most distal interphalangeal crease or the distal interphalangeal joint flexion point. That is, hypoplasia of one or more of the distal phalanx of finger. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Open bite (HP:0010807): Visible space between the dental arches in occlusion. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Midface retrusion (HP:0011800): Posterior positions and/or vertical shortening of the infraorbital and perialar regions, or increased concavity of the face and/or reduced nasolabial angle. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1507)
- Cryptorchidism (HP:0000028): Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Gingival overgrowth (HP:0000212): Hyperplasia of the gingiva (that is, a thickening of the soft tissue overlying the alveolar ridge. The degree of thickening ranges from involvement of the interdental papillae alone to gingival overgrowth covering the entire tooth crown. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Macrocephaly (HP:0000256): Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Epicanthus (HP:0000286): A fold of skin starting above the medial aspect of the upper eyelid and arching downward to cover, pass in front of and lateral to the medial canthus. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Long philtrum (HP:0000343): Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Micrognathia (HP:0000347): Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Hearing impairment (HP:0000365): A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Chronic otitis media (HP:0000389): Chronic otitis media refers to fluid, swelling, or infection of the middle ear that does not heal and may cause permanent damage to the ear. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Proptosis (HP:0000520): An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Long eyelashes (HP:0000527): Mid upper eyelash length >10 mm or increased length of the eyelashes (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Upslanted palpebral fissure (HP:0000582): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations above the mean for age (objective); or, the inclination of the palpebral fissure is greater than typical for age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Long palpebral fissure (HP:0000637): Distance between medial and lateral canthi is more than two standard deviations above the mean for age (objective); or, apparently increased length of the palpebral fissures. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Pectus excavatum (HP:0000767): A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Rib fusion (HP:0000902): Complete or partial merging of adjacent ribs. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Umbilical hernia (HP:0001537): Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Frontal bossing (HP:0002007): Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Scoliosis (HP:0002650): The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Kyphosis (HP:0002808): Exaggerated anterior convexity of the thoracic vertebral column. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Elbow dislocation (HP:0003042): Dislocation of the distal humerus out of the elbow joint, where the radius, ulna, and humerus meet. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Depressed nasal bridge (HP:0005280): Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Broad hallux phalanx (HP:0010059): An increase in width in one or more phalanges of the big toe. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Ankyloglossia (HP:0010296): Short or anteriorly attached lingual frenulum, associated with limited mobility of the tongue. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Bifid tongue (HP:0010297): Tongue with a median apical indentation or fork. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Tented upper lip vermilion (HP:0010804): Triangular appearance of the oral aperture with the apex in the midpoint of the upper vermilion and the lower vermilion forming the base. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Broad thumb (HP:0011304): Increased thumb width without increased dorso-ventral dimension. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Hypoplastic female external genitalia (HP:0012815): Underdevelopment of part or all of the female external reproductive organs (which include the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, Bartholin glands, and clitoris). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Fingernail dysplasia (HP:0100798): An abnormality of the development of the fingernails. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)
- Multicystic kidney dysplasia (HP:0000003): Multicystic dysplasia of the kidney is characterized by multiple cysts of varying size in the kidney and the absence of a normal pelvicaliceal system. The condition is associated with ureteral or ureteropelvic atresia, and the affected kidney is nonfunctional. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Inguinal hernia (HP:0000023): Protrusion of the contents of the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Hydronephrosis (HP:0000126): Severe distention of the kidney with dilation of the renal pelvis and calices. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Abnormal palate morphology (HP:0000174): Any abnormality of the palate, i.e., of roof of the mouth. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Orofacial cleft (HP:0000202): The presence of a cleft (gap, opening, or groove) in the oral cavity, including cleft of the upper lip and/or cleft of the palate. Cleft of the upper lip is visible as a groove or fissure in the lip, most frequently due to a congenital failure of the maxillary and median nasal processes to fuse. Cleft palate is characterized by a grooved depression or fissure in the roof of the mouth, most often resulting from a congenital failure of the palate to fuse properly. Clefts of the lip and palate can occur individually or together. It is preferable to code each defect separately. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Short philtrum (HP:0000322): Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Short neck (HP:0000470): Diminished length of the neck. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Strabismus (HP:0000486): A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Downslanted palpebral fissures (HP:0000494): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Ptosis (HP:0000508): The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Blue sclerae (HP:0000592): An abnormal bluish coloration of the sclera. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Hypodontia (HP:0000668): The absence of five or less teeth from the normal series by a failure to develop. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Pectus carinatum (HP:0000768): A deformity of the chest caused by overgrowth of the ribs and characterized by protrusion of the sternum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Sacral dimple (HP:0000960): A cutaneous indentation resulting from tethering of the skin to underlying structures (bone) of the intergluteal cleft. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Nevus flammeus (HP:0001052): A congenital vascular malformation consisting of superficial and deep dilated capillaries in the skin which produce a reddish to purplish discolouration of the skin. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Split hand (HP:0001171): A condition in which middle parts of the hand (fingers and metacarpals) are missing giving a cleft appearance. The severity is very variable ranging from slightly hypoplastic middle fingers over absent middle fingers as far as oligo- or monodactyl hands. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Intellectual disability (HP:0001249): The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Death in infancy (HP:0001522): Death within the first 24 months of life. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Alopecia (HP:0001596): A noncongenital process of hair loss, which may progress to partial or complete baldness. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Ventricular septal defect (HP:0001629): A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Atrial septal defect (HP:0001631): Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital abnormality of the interatrial septum that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Tetralogy of Fallot (HP:0001636): A congenital cardiac malformation comprising pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, ventricular septum defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The diagnosis of TOF is made if at least three of the four above mentioned features are present. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1507)
- Posteriorly rotated ears (HP:0000358): A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1507)