Phenotypes associated with the disease Self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (ORPHA:1945):
- EEG with centrotemporal focal spike waves (HP:0012557): EEG with focal sharp transient waves in the centrotemporal region of the brain (also known as the central sulcus), i.e., focal sharp waves of a duration less than 80 msec followed by a slow wave. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:1945)
- Drooling (HP:0002307): Habitual flow of saliva out of the mouth. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1945)
- Focal hemifacial clonic seizure (HP:0007332): Focal seizure characterized at onset by clonic movements affecting half of the face. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1945)
- Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure with focal onset (HP:0007334): A bilateral tonic-clonic seizure with focal onset is a focal-onset seizure which progresses into a bilateral tonic-clonic phase. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1945)
- Focal-onset seizure (HP:0007359): A focal-onset seizure is a type of seizure originating within networks limited to one hemisphere. They may be discretely localized or more widely distributed, and may originate in subcortical structures. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1945)
- Speech articulation difficulties (HP:0009088): Impairment in the physical production of speech sounds. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1945)
- Sleep apnea (HP:0010535): An intermittent cessation of airflow at the mouth and nose during sleep is known as sleep apnea. Apneas that last at least 10 seconds are considered significant, but individuals with sleep apnea may experience apneas lasting from 20 seconds up to 2 or 3 minutes. Patients may have up to 15 events per hour of sleep. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1945)
- Laryngospasm (HP:0025425): A spasm (involuntary contraction) of the vocal cords that can make it difficult to speak or breathe. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:1945)
- Emotional lability (HP:0000712): Unstable emotional experiences and frequent mood changes; emotions that are easily aroused, intense, and/or disproportionate to events and circumstances. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Depression (HP:0000716): Frequently experiencing feelings of being down, miserable, and/or hopeless; struggling to recover from these moods; having a pessimistic outlook on the future; feeling a pervasive sense of shame; having a low self-worth; experiencing thoughts of suicide and engaging in suicidal behavior. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Short attention span (HP:0000736): Reduced attention span characterized by distractibility and impulsivity. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Anxiety (HP:0000739): Intense feelings of nervousness, tension, or panic often arise in response to interpersonal stresses. There is worry about the negative effects of past unpleasant experiences and future negative possibilities. Individuals may feel fearful, apprehensive, or threatened by uncertainty, and they may also have fears of falling apart or losing control. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Specific learning disability (HP:0001328): Impairment of certain skills such as reading or writing, coordination, self-control, or attention that interfere with the ability to learn. The impairment is not related to a global deficiency of intelligence. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Migraine (HP:0002076): Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by episodic attacks of headache and associated symptoms. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Febrile seizure (within the age range of 3 months to 6 years) (HP:0002373): A febrile seizure is any type of seizure (most often a generalized tonic-clonic seizure) occurring with fever (at least 38 degrees Celsius) but in the absence of central nervous system infection, severe metabolic disturbance or other alternative precipitant in children between the ages of 3 months and 6 years. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Paresthesia (HP:0003401): Abnormal sensations such as tingling, pricking, or numbness of the skin with no apparent physical cause. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Borderline intellectual disability (HP:0006889): Borderline intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 70-85. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (HP:0007018): Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manifests at age 2-3 years or by first grade at the latest. The main symptoms are distractibility, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and often trouble organizing tasks and projects, difficulty going to sleep, and social problems from being aggressive, loud, or impatient. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- Dysesthesia (HP:0012534): Painful sensations elicited by a nonpainful cutaneous stimulus such as a light touch or gentle stroking over affected areas of the body. Sometimes referred to as hyperpathia or hyperalgesia. Often perceived as an intense burning, dyesthesias may outlast the stimulus by several seconds. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:1945)
- EEG with irregular generalized spike and wave complexes (HP:0001326): EEG shows spikes (<80 ms) and waves, which are recorded over the entire scalp and do not have a specific frequency. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very rare (HP:0040284). (ORPHA:1945)
- Atypical absence seizure (HP:0007270): An atypical absence seizure is a type of generalized non-motor (absence) seizure characterized by interruption of ongoing activities and reduced responsiveness. In comparison to a typical absence seizure, changes in tone may be more pronounced, onset and/or cessation may be less abrupt, and the duration of the ictus and post-ictal recovery may be longer. Although not always available, an EEG often demonstrates slow (<3 Hz), irregular, generalized spike-wave activity. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very rare (HP:0040284). (ORPHA:1945)