Phenotypes associated with the disease Lissencephaly type 1 due to doublecortin gene mutation (ORPHA:2148):
- Atypical behavior (HP:0000708): Atypical behavior is an abnormality in a person's actions that can be controlled or modulated by the will of the individual. While abnormal behaviors can be difficult to control, they are distinct from other abnormal actions that cannot be affected by the individual's will. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:2148)
- Seizure (HP:0001250): A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:2148)
- Language impairment (HP:0002463): Language impairment is a deficit in comprehension or production of language that includes reduced vocabulary, limited sentence structure, or impairments in written or spoken communication. Language abilities are substantially and quantifiably below age expectations. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:2148)
- Cognitive impairment (HP:0100543): Abnormal cognition is characterized by deficits in thinking, reasoning, or remembering. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:2148)
- Pachygyria (HP:0001302): Pachygyria is a malformation of cortical development with abnormally wide gyri with sulci 1,5-3 cm apart and abnormally thick cortex measuring more than 5 mm (radiological definition). See also neuropathological definitions for 2-, 3-, and 4-layered lissencephaly. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Flexion contracture (HP:0001371): A flexion contracture is a bent (flexed) joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. It is thus a chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement of joints. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Generalized-onset seizure (HP:0002197): A generalized-onset seizure is a type of seizure originating at some point within, and rapidly engaging, bilaterally distributed networks. The networks may include cortical and subcortical structures but not necessarily the entire cortex. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Abnormal muscle tone (HP:0003808). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Poor gross motor coordination (HP:0007015): An abnormality of the ability (skills) to perform a precise movement of large muscles with the intent to perform a specific act. Gross motor skills are required to mediate movements of the arms, legs, and other large body parts. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Focal-onset seizure (HP:0007359): A focal-onset seizure is a type of seizure originating within networks limited to one hemisphere. They may be discretely localized or more widely distributed, and may originate in subcortical structures. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Infantile spasms (HP:0012469): Infantile spasms represent a subset of "epileptic spasms". Infantile Spasms are epileptic spasms starting in the first year of life (infancy). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Akinetic mutism (HP:0012672): The combined absence of spontaneous movement (akinesia) and speech (mutism). There may be eye movements consistent with visual tracking and the person may remember the events occurring at the time of the experience of stupor. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Agyria (HP:0031882): A congenital abnormality of the cerebral hemisphere characterized by lack of gyrations (convolutions) of the cerebral cortex. Agyria is defined as cortical regions lacking gyration with sulci great than 3 cm apart and cerebral cortex thicker than 5 mm. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Cerebral palsy (HP:0100021): Cerebral palsy describes a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to nonprogressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders of cerebral palsy are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behavior, by epilepsy, and by secondary musculoskeletal problems. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:2148)
- Agitation (HP:0000713): A state of excessive motor activity that is associated with mental distress or a feeling of substantial unease or inner tension. Distinguished from restlessness by the increased level of emotional distress and negative intensity of the experience. Agitation has a significant level of physical activity that is typically threatening to the self or others. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Autistic behavior (HP:0000729): Persistent deficits in social interaction and communication and interaction as well as a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest as well as repetitive patterns of behavior. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Irritability (HP:0000737): An emotional state characterized by negative feelings of heightened frustration, annoyance, or feeling upset, often triggered by internal factors (e.g., fatigue, hunger, unfulfilled desires) or external factors (e.g., social or environmental challenges). Irritability may be unpredictable, and is accompanied by a lowered threshold for emotional reactivity and observable features (speech, facial expressions, or psychomotor activity). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Dysphagia (HP:0002015): Difficulty in swallowing. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum (HP:0002079): Underdevelopment of the corpus callosum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Abnormal caudate nucleus morphology (HP:0002339): Any structural abnormality of the caudate nucleus. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Hypsarrhythmia (HP:0002521): Hypsarrhythmia is abnormal interictal high amplitude waves and a background of irregular spikes. There is continuous (during wakefulness), high-amplitude (>200 Hz), generalized polymorphic slowing with no organized background and multifocal spikes demonstrated by electroencephalography (EEG). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Scoliosis (HP:0002650): The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Aspiration (HP:0002835): Inspiration of a foreign object into the airway. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Secondary microcephaly (HP:0005484): Head circumference which falls below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender because of insufficient head growth after birth. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Lateral ventricle dilatation (HP:0006956). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Feeding difficulties in infancy (HP:0008872): Impaired feeding performance of an infant as manifested by difficulties such as weak and ineffective sucking, brief bursts of sucking, and falling asleep during sucking. There may be difficulties with chewing or maintaining attention. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Delayed myelination (HP:0012448): Delayed myelination. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces (HP:0012520): Increased dimensions of the Virchow-Robin spaces (also known as perivascular spaces), which surround the walls of vessels as they course from the subarachnoid space through the brain parenchyma. Perivascular spaces are commonly microscopic, and not visible on conventional neuroimaging. This term refers to an increase of size of these spaces such that they are visible on neuroimaging (usually magnetic resonance imaging). The dilatations are regular cavities that always contain a patent artery. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Cerebral white matter atrophy (HP:0012762): The presence of atrophy (wasting) of the cerebral white matter. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)
- Epileptic encephalopathy (HP:0200134): A condition in which epileptiform abnormalities are believed to contribute to the progressive disturbance in cerebral function. Epileptic encephalaopathy is characterized by (1) electrographic EEG paroxysmal activity that is often aggressive, (2) seizures that are usually multiform and intractable, (3) cognitive, behavioral and neurological deficits that may be relentless, and (4) sometimes early death. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:2148)