Phenotypes associated with the disease Caudal regression syndrome (ORPHA:3027):
- Bowel incontinence (HP:0002607): Involuntary fecal soiling in adults and children who have usually already been toilet trained. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology (HP:0002644): An abnormality of the bony pelvic girdle, which is a ring of bones connecting the vertebral column to the femurs. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Decreased muscle mass (HP:0003199). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Abnormal vertebral segmentation and fusion (HP:0005640). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Hypoplastic vertebral bodies (HP:0008479). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the sacrum (HP:0008517): Aplasia or developmental hypoplasia of the sacral bone. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Maternal diabetes (HP:0009800): Maternal diabetes can either be a gestational, mostly type 2 diabetes, or a type 1 diabetes. Essential is the resulting maternal hyperglycemia as a non-specific teratogen, imposing the same risk of congenital malformations to pregnant women with both type 1 and type2 diabetes. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Abnormal iliac wing morphology (HP:0011867): An anomaly of the ilium ala. This is the large expanded portion of the ilum which bounds the greater pelvis laterally. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Impulsivity (HP:0100710): Acting on the spur of the moment or on a momentary basis without consideration of outcomes; having difficulty establishing or following plans; experiencing a sense of urgency and engaging in behavior that is uninhibited, cannot be inhibited, and is uncontrolled. The possibility of repression is inconceivable. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:3027)
- Abnormality of the ureter (HP:0000069): An abnormality of the ureter. The ureter is the duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Ureteral duplication (HP:0000073): A developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of two, instead of one, ureter connecting a kidney to the bladder. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Vesicoureteral reflux (HP:0000076): Abnormal (retrograde) movement of urine from the bladder into ureters or kidneys related to inadequacy of the valvular mechanism at the ureterovesicular junction or other causes. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Ectopic kidney (HP:0000086): A developmental defect in which a kidney is located in an abnormal anatomic position. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Renal agenesis (HP:0000104): Agenesis, that is, failure of the kidney to develop during embryogenesis and development. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Diminished deep tendon reflex (HP:0001315): A reduction (hyporeflexia) or complete absence (areflexia) of the involuntary muscle contraction normally elicited by a reflex stimulus, such as tapping a deep tendon. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Joint stiffness (HP:0001387): Joint stiffness is a perceived sensation of tightness in a joint or joints when attempting to move them after a period of inactivity. Joint stiffness typically subsides over time. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Talipes equinovarus (HP:0001762): Talipes equinovarus (also called clubfoot) typically has four main components: inversion and adduction of the forefoot; inversion of the heel and hindfoot; equinus (limitation of extension) of the ankle and subtalar joint; and internal rotation of the leg. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Anal atresia (HP:0002023): Congenital absence of the anus, i.e., the opening at the bottom end of the intestinal tract. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Scoliosis (HP:0002650): The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology (HP:0030680): Any structural anomaly of the heart and blood vessels. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:3027)
- Cryptorchidism (HP:0000028): Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Ambiguous genitalia (HP:0000062): A genital phenotype that is not clearly assignable to a single gender. Ambiguous genitalia can be evaluated using the Prader scale: Prader 0: Normal female external genitalia. Prader 1: Female external genitalia with clitoromegaly. Prader 2: Clitoromegaly with partial labial fusion forming a funnel-shaped urogenital sinus. Prader 3: Increased phallic enlargement. Complete labioscrotal fusion forming a urogenital sinus with a single opening. Prader 4: Complete scrotal fusion with urogenital opening at the base or on the shaft of the phallus. Prader 5: Normal male external genitalia. The diagnosis of ambiguous genitalia is made for Prader 1-4. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Renal insufficiency (HP:0000083): A reduction in the level of performance of the kidneys in areas of function comprising the concentration of urine, removal of wastes, the maintenance of electrolyte balance, homeostasis of blood pressure, and calcium metabolism. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Orofacial cleft (HP:0000202): The presence of a cleft (gap, opening, or groove) in the oral cavity, including cleft of the upper lip and/or cleft of the palate. Cleft of the upper lip is visible as a groove or fissure in the lip, most frequently due to a congenital failure of the maxillary and median nasal processes to fuse. Cleft palate is characterized by a grooved depression or fissure in the roof of the mouth, most often resulting from a congenital failure of the palate to fuse properly. Clefts of the lip and palate can occur individually or together. It is preferable to code each defect separately. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Hypertension (HP:0000822): The presence of chronic increased pressure in the systemic arterial system. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Missing ribs (HP:0000921): A developmental anomaly with absence of one or more ribs. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Pulmonary hypoplasia (HP:0002089). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Arrhinencephaly (HP:0002139): A defect of development of the brain characterized by congenital absence of the part of the brain that includes the olfactory bulbs, tracts, and other structures associated with the sense of smell. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)
- Chiari malformation (HP:0002308): Chiari malformation consists of a downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils and the medulla through the foramen magnum, sometimes causing hydrocephalus as a result of obstruction of CSF outflow. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:3027)