- Joint hypermobility (HP:0001382): The capability that a joint (or a group of joints) has to move, passively and/or actively, beyond normal limits along physiological axes. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Hypertelorism (HP:0000316): Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Long philtrum (HP:0000343): Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Micrognathia (HP:0000347): Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Downslanted palpebral fissures (HP:0000494): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Thick eyebrow (HP:0000574): Increased density/number and/or increased diameter of eyebrow hairs. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Periodontitis (HP:0000704): Inflammation of the periodontium. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Abnormal skull morphology (HP:0000929): An abnormality of the skull, the bony framework of the head which is comprised of the neurocranium (with eight cranial bones) and the viscerocranium (facial skeleton) that comprises fourteen facial bones with the mandible as its largest bone. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Osteopenia (HP:0000938): Osteopenia is a term to define bone density that is not normal but also not as low as osteoporosis. By definition from the World Health Organization osteopenia is defined by bone densitometry as a T score -1 to -2.5. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Osteoporosis (HP:0000939): Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone density and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility. According to the WHO criteria, osteoporosis is defined as a BMD that lies 2.5 standard deviations or more below the average value for young healthy adults (a T-score below -2.5 SD). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Brachydactyly (HP:0001156): Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Short toe (HP:0001831): A toe that appears disproportionately short compared to the foot. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Abnormal facial shape (HP:0001999): An abnormal morphology (form) of the face or its components. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Skeletal dysplasia (HP:0002652): A general term describing features characterized by abnormal development of bones and connective tissues. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Osteolysis (HP:0002797): Osteolysis refers to the destruction of bone through bone resorption with removal or loss of calcium. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Short stature (HP:0004322): A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Decreased skull ossification (HP:0004331): A reduction in the magnitude or amount of ossification of the skull. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Short distal phalanx of finger (HP:0009882): Short distance from the end of the finger to the most distal interphalangeal crease or the distal interphalangeal joint flexion point. That is, hypoplasia of one or more of the distal phalanx of finger. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Partial absence of toe (HP:0011305): The absence of a phalangeal segment of a toe or hallux. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:955)
- Narrow mouth (HP:0000160): Distance between the commissures of the mouth more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased width of the oral aperture (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Abnormality of the dentition (HP:0000164): Any abnormality of the teeth. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Thin vermilion border (HP:0000233): Height of the vermilion of the medial part of the lip more than 2 SD below the mean, or apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the lip in the frontal view. The vermilion is the red part of the lips (and confusingly, the vermilion itself is also often referred to as being equivalent the lips). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Macrocephaly (HP:0000256): Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Dolichocephaly (HP:0000268): An abnormality of skull shape characterized by a increased anterior-posterior diameter, i.e., an increased antero-posterior dimension of the skull. Cephalic index less than 76%. Alternatively, an apparently increased antero-posterior length of the head compared to width. Often due to premature closure of the sagittal suture. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Prominent occiput (HP:0000269): Increased convexity of the occiput (posterior part of the skull). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Abnormal mandible morphology (HP:0000277): Any abnormality of the mandible, the bone of the lower jaw. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Coarse facial features (HP:0000280): Absence of fine and sharp appearance of brows, nose, lips, mouth, and chin, usually because of rounded and heavy features or thickened skin with or without thickening of subcutaneous and bony tissues. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Full cheeks (HP:0000293): Increased prominence or roundness of soft tissues between zygomata and mandible. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Hearing impairment (HP:0000365): A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Wide nose (HP:0000445): Interalar distance more than two standard deviations above the mean for age, i.e., an apparently increased width of the nasal base and alae. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Anteverted nares (HP:0000463): Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Short neck (HP:0000470): Diminished length of the neck. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Telecanthus (HP:0000506): Distance between the inner canthi more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or, apparently increased distance between the inner canthi. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Abnormal fingernail morphology (HP:0001231): An abnormality of the fingernails. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Generalized hirsutism (HP:0002230): Abnormally increased hair growth over much of the entire body. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Chiari malformation (HP:0002308): Chiari malformation consists of a downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils and the medulla through the foramen magnum, sometimes causing hydrocephalus as a result of obstruction of CSF outflow. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Wormian bones (HP:0002645): The presence of extra bones within a cranial suture. Wormian bones are irregular isolated bones which appear in addition to the usual centers of ossification of the cranium. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Scoliosis (HP:0002650): The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Bone pain (HP:0002653): An unpleasant sensation characterized by physical discomfort (such as pricking, throbbing, or aching) localized to bone. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Absent frontal sinuses (HP:0002688): Aplasia of frontal sinus. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Platybasia (HP:0002691): A developmental malformation of the occipital bone and upper end of the cervical spine, in which the latter appears to have pushed the floor of the occipital bone upward such that there is an abnormal flattening of the skull base. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Downturned corners of mouth (HP:0002714): A morphological abnormality of the mouth in which the angle of the mouth is downturned. The oral commissures are positioned inferior to the midline labial fissure. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Recurrent fractures (HP:0002757): The repeated occurrence of bone fractures (implying an abnormally increased tendency for fracture). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Arthralgia (HP:0002829): Joint pain. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Biconcave vertebral bodies (HP:0004586): Exaggerated concavity of the anterior or posterior surface of the vertebral body, i.e., the upper and lower vertebral endplates are hollowed inward. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Hypoplastic 5th lumbar vertebrae (HP:0008424). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Open bite (HP:0010807): Visible space between the dental arches in occlusion. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:955)
- Inguinal hernia (HP:0000023): Protrusion of the contents of the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Hypospadias (HP:0000047): Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Cleft palate (HP:0000175): Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Hydrocephalus (HP:0000238): Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Low anterior hairline (HP:0000294): Distance between the hairline (trichion) and the glabella (the most prominent point on the frontal bone above the root of the nose), in the midline, more than two SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased distance between the hairline and the glabella. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Low-set ears (HP:0000369): Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Wide nasal bridge (HP:0000431): Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Cataract (HP:0000518): A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Myopia (HP:0000545): An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects nearby clearly, while objects in the distance appear blurry. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Iris coloboma (HP:0000612): A coloboma of the iris. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Synophrys (HP:0000664): Meeting of the medial eyebrows in the midline. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Pectus carinatum (HP:0000768): A deformity of the chest caused by overgrowth of the ribs and characterized by protrusion of the sternum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Delayed puberty (HP:0000823): Passing the age when puberty normally occurs with no physical or hormonal signs of the onset of puberty. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Dry skin (HP:0000958): Skin characterized by the lack of natural or normal moisture. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Thickened skin (HP:0001072): Laminar thickening of skin. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Failure to thrive (HP:0001508): Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Umbilical hernia (HP:0001537): Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Abnormality of the voice (HP:0001608). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Ventricular septal defect (HP:0001629): A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Patent ductus arteriosus (HP:0001643): In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Aortic valve stenosis (HP:0001650): The presence of a stenosis (narrowing) of the aortic valve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Mitral stenosis (HP:0001718): An abnormal narrowing of the orifice of the mitral valve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Splenomegaly (HP:0001744): Abnormal increased size of the spleen. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Recurrent respiratory infections (HP:0002205): An increased susceptibility to respiratory infections as manifested by a history of recurrent respiratory infections. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Coarse hair (HP:0002208): Hair shafts are rough in texture. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Hepatomegaly (HP:0002240): Abnormally increased size of the liver. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Headache (HP:0002315): Cephalgia, or pain sensed in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Intestinal malrotation (HP:0002566): An abnormality of the intestinal rotation and fixation that normally occurs during the development of the gut. This can lead to volvulus, or twisting of the intestine that causes obstruction and necrosis. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Kyphosis (HP:0002808): Exaggerated anterior convexity of the thoracic vertebral column. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Patellar dislocation (HP:0002999): The kneecap normally is located within the groove termed trochlea on the distal femur and can slide up and down in it. Patellar dislocation occurs if the patella fully dislocates out of the groove. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Syringomyelia (HP:0003396): Dilated, glial-lined cavity in spinal cord. This cavity does not communicate with the central canal, and usually is between the dorsal columns unilaterally or bilaterally along the side of the cord. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Multiple renal cysts (HP:0005562): The presence of many cysts in the kidney. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Bowing of the long bones (HP:0006487): A bending or abnormal curvature of a long bone. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Peripheral neuropathy (HP:0009830): Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Hypoplasia of the zygomatic bone (HP:0010669): Underdevelopment of the zygomatic bone. That is, a reduction in size of the zygomatic bone, including the zygomatic process of the temporal bone of the skull, which forms part of the zygomatic arch. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology (HP:0030680): Any structural anomaly of the heart and blood vessels. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Coarse metaphyseal trabecularization (HP:0100670): Coarse appearance of the components of the network of osseous tissue that makes up the cancellous structure of a bone, i.e., thickening of the (usually fine) white lines that are produced by trabeculae in radiograms. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Hernia (HP:0100790). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
- Skin ulcer (HP:0200042): A discontinuity of the skin exhibiting complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous fat. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:955)
These phenotypes are associated with the disease Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (ORPHA:955).