Phenotypes associated with the disease Mosaic trisomy 9 syndrome (ORPHA:99776):
- Cryptorchidism (HP:0000028): Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:99776)
- Horseshoe kidney (HP:0000085): A connection of the right and left kidney by an isthmus of functioning renal parenchyma or fibrous tissue that crosses the midline. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Renal dysplasia (HP:0000110): The presence of developmental dysplasia of the kidney. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hydronephrosis (HP:0000126): Severe distention of the kidney with dilation of the renal pelvis and calices. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Abnormality of the uterus (HP:0000130): An abnormality of the uterus. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Cleft palate (HP:0000175): Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- High palate (HP:0000218): Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Large fontanelles (HP:0000239): In newborns, the two frontal bones, two parietal bones, and one occipital bone are joined by fibrous sutures, which form a small posterior fontanelle, and a larger, diamond-shaped anterior fontanelle. These regions allow for the skull to pass the birth canal and for later growth. The fontanelles gradually ossify, whereby the posterior fontanelle usually closes by eight weeks and the anterior fontanelle by the 9th to 16th month of age. Large fontanelles are diagnosed if the fontanelles are larger than age-dependent norms. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Microcephaly (HP:0000252): Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Prominent occiput (HP:0000269): Increased convexity of the occiput (posterior part of the skull). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hypertelorism (HP:0000316): Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Micrognathia (HP:0000347): Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Low-set ears (HP:0000369): Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:99776)
- Bulbous nose (HP:0000414): Increased volume and globular shape of the anteroinferior aspect of the nose. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Webbed neck (HP:0000465): Pterygium colli is a congenital skin fold that runs along the sides of the neck down to the shoulders. It involves an ectopic fibrotic facial band superficial to the trapezius muscle. Excess hair-bearing skin is also present and extends down the cervical region well beyond the normal hairline. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Short neck (HP:0000470): Diminished length of the neck. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Cystic hygroma (HP:0000476): A cystic lymphatic lesion of the neck. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Microphthalmia (HP:0000568): A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal smallness of one or both eyes. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:99776)
- Upslanted palpebral fissure (HP:0000582): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations above the mean for age (objective); or, the inclination of the palpebral fissure is greater than typical for age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hypotelorism (HP:0000601): Interpupillary distance less than 2 SD below the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an decreased interpupillary distance or closely spaced eyes). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Single umbilical artery (HP:0001195): Single umbilical artery (SUA) is the absence of one of the two umbilical arteries surrounding the fetal bladder and in the fetal umbilical cord. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Intellectual disability (HP:0001249): The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:99776)
- Global developmental delay (HP:0001263): A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Very frequent (HP:0040281). (ORPHA:99776)
- Dandy-Walker malformation (HP:0001305): A congenital brain malformation typically characterized by incomplete formation of the cerebellar vermis, dilation of the fourth ventricle, and enlargement of the posterior fossa. In layman's terms, Dandy Walker malformation is a cyst in the cerebellum (typically symmetrical) that is involved with the fourth ventricle. This may interfere with the ability to drain cerebrospinal fluid from the brain, resulting in hydrocephalus. Dandy Walker cysts are formed during early embryonic development, while the brain forms. The cyst in the cerebellum typically has several blood vessels running through it connecting to the brain, thereby prohibiting surgical removal. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Limitation of joint mobility (HP:0001376): A reduction in the freedom of movement of one or more joints. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Intrauterine growth retardation (HP:0001511): An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Polyhydramnios (HP:0001561): The presence of excess amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Oligohydramnios (HP:0001562): Diminished amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Ventricular septal defect (HP:0001629): A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Atrial septal defect (HP:0001631): Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital abnormality of the interatrial septum that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Patent ductus arteriosus (HP:0001643): In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Dextrocardia (HP:0001651): The heart is located in the right hand sided hemithorax. That is, there is a left-right reversal (or "mirror reflection") of the anatomical location of the heart in which the heart is locate on the right side instead of the left. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Abnormal heart valve morphology (HP:0001654): Any structural abnormality of a cardiac valve. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Endocardial fibroelastosis (HP:0001706): Diffuse thickening of the ventricular endocardium and by associated myocardial dysfunction. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Asplenia (HP:0001746): Absence (aplasia) of the spleen. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Talipes equinovarus (HP:0001762): Talipes equinovarus (also called clubfoot) typically has four main components: inversion and adduction of the forefoot; inversion of the heel and hindfoot; equinus (limitation of extension) of the ankle and subtalar joint; and internal rotation of the leg. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hydrops fetalis (HP:0001789): The abnormal accumulation of fluid in two or more fetal compartments, including ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and skin edema. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Small nail (HP:0001792): A nail that is diminished in length and width, i.e., underdeveloped nail. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Rocker bottom foot (HP:0001838): The presence of both a prominent heel and a convex contour of the sole. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Deep plantar creases (HP:0001869): The presence of unusually deep creases (ridges/wrinkles) on the skin of sole of foot. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Tessier cleft (HP:0002006): A congenital malformation with a cleft (gap or opening) in the face. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Abnormal lung lobation (HP:0002101): A developmental defect in the formation of pulmonary lobes. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Ventriculomegaly (HP:0002119): An increase in size of the ventricular system of the brain. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Spina bifida (HP:0002414): Incomplete closure of the embryonic neural tube, whereby some vertebral arches remain unfused and open. The mildest form is spina bifida occulta, followed by meningocele and meningomyelocele. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Intestinal malrotation (HP:0002566): An abnormality of the intestinal rotation and fixation that normally occurs during the development of the gut. This can lead to volvulus, or twisting of the intestine that causes obstruction and necrosis. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Scoliosis (HP:0002650): The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Skeletal dysplasia (HP:0002652): A general term describing features characterized by abnormal development of bones and connective tissues. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hip dislocation (HP:0002827): Displacement of the femur from its normal location in the hip joint. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hemivertebrae (HP:0002937): Absence of one half of the vertebral body. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Micromelia (HP:0002983): The presence of abnormally small extremities. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Elbow dislocation (HP:0003042): Dislocation of the distal humerus out of the elbow joint, where the radius, ulna, and humerus meet. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Biparietal narrowing (HP:0004422): A narrowing of the biparietal diameter (i.e., of the transverse distance between the protuberances of the two parietal bones of the skull). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Multiple renal cysts (HP:0005562): The presence of many cysts in the kidney. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Supernumerary ribs (HP:0005815): The presence of more than 12 rib pairs. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Deep palmar crease (HP:0006191): Excessively deep creases of the palm. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Corneal opacity (HP:0007957): A reduction of corneal clarity. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hypoplasia of penis (HP:0008736). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Abnormal fallopian tube morphology (HP:0011027): An abnormality of the fallopian tube. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Hypoplastic female external genitalia (HP:0012815): Underdevelopment of part or all of the female external reproductive organs (which include the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, Bartholin glands, and clitoris). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Finger clinodactyly (HP:0040019). Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Frequent (HP:0040282). (ORPHA:99776)
- Camptodactyly of finger (HP:0100490): The distal interphalangeal joint and/or the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers cannot be extended to 180 degrees by either active or passive extension. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)
- Abnormal liver lobulation (HP:0100752): Formation of abnormal lobules (small masses of tissue) in the liver. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (ORPHA:99776)